Free Essays on Egg Donars

â€Å"Eggs for Sale† is an engrossing look into an area of our current society in which we must carefully tread. The ethical waters of egg donation and the various ways of profiting from it are muddy indeed, and so we should take care not to create any positions that we think are necessary to â€Å"force† onto anyone. When that happens, the entire question and point are lost and we are left needlessly bickering over matters of trivial concern without any purpose. Probably the trickiest area of this whole concept is the ethical aspects of it. Is it all right for egg donation centers to be so brazen as to advertise in movie theaters, asking the audience to call 1-877-Babymakers as if they were calling a car rental agency? Doesn’t it make the people at the ad agency slightly queasy to be sending out chocolate eggs to potential clients? At least one center does not attempt to be cute or pandering with any â€Å"Give the gift of life slogans,† as they advertise the pure profit to be had in harvesting a woman’s ovaries: â€Å"Pay your tuition with eggs.† (Mead #) This is why an increasing number of college students do just that, including the story at the beginning of â€Å"Eggs for Sale,† about a girl named â€Å"Cindy Schiller.† Cindy is a left-wing student at Columbia University Law School in New York City. She is passionate about a number of causes, but it seems the thing she is most interested in doing is selling her eggs. She does have a number of political objections to the idea of egg donation, namely that she thinks she is assisting a â€Å"white supremacist system.† (Mead #) However, all of these high-minded oppositions to the side effects of what she happens to do cease to matter when she gets paid. In fact, at the end of the first section of â€Å"Eggs for Sale,† she is pretty excited to find out some desperate couples are willing to pay five thousand dollars for her services. Strangely enough, she also gives the impre... Free Essays on Egg Donars Free Essays on Egg Donars â€Å"Eggs for Sale† is an engrossing look into an area of our current society in which we must carefully tread. The ethical waters of egg donation and the various ways of profiting from it are muddy indeed, and so we should take care not to create any positions that we think are necessary to â€Å"force† onto anyone. When that happens, the entire question and point are lost and we are left needlessly bickering over matters of trivial concern without any purpose. Probably the trickiest area of this whole concept is the ethical aspects of it. Is it all right for egg donation centers to be so brazen as to advertise in movie theaters, asking the audience to call 1-877-Babymakers as if they were calling a car rental agency? Doesn’t it make the people at the ad agency slightly queasy to be sending out chocolate eggs to potential clients? At least one center does not attempt to be cute or pandering with any â€Å"Give the gift of life slogans,† as they advertise the pure profit to be had in harvesting a woman’s ovaries: â€Å"Pay your tuition with eggs.† (Mead #) This is why an increasing number of college students do just that, including the story at the beginning of â€Å"Eggs for Sale,† about a girl named â€Å"Cindy Schiller.† Cindy is a left-wing student at Columbia University Law School in New York City. She is passionate about a number of causes, but it seems the thing she is most interested in doing is selling her eggs. She does have a number of political objections to the idea of egg donation, namely that she thinks she is assisting a â€Å"white supremacist system.† (Mead #) However, all of these high-minded oppositions to the side effects of what she happens to do cease to matter when she gets paid. In fact, at the end of the first section of â€Å"Eggs for Sale,† she is pretty excited to find out some desperate couples are willing to pay five thousand dollars for her services. Strangely enough, she also gives the impre...

Ksp Chemistry Complete Guide to the Solubility Constant

Ksp Chemistry Complete Guide to the Solubility Constant SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you learning chemistry but don’t quite understand the solubility product constant or want to learn more about it? Not sure how to calculate molar solubility from $K_s_p$? The solubility constant, or $K_s_p$, is an important part of chemistry, particularly when you’re working with solubility equations or analyzing the solubility of different solutes. When you have a solid grasp of $K_s_p$, those questions become much easier to answer! In this $K_s_p$ chemistry guide, we’ll explain the $K_s_p$ chemistry definition, how to solve for it (with examples), which factors affect it, and why it’s important. At the bottom of this guide, we also have a table with the $K_s_p$ values for a long list of substances to make it easy for you to find solubility constant values. What Is $K_s_p$? $K_s_p$ is known as the solubility constant or solubility product. It’s the equilibrium constant used for equations when a solid substance is dissolving in a liquid/aqueous solution. As a reminder, a solute (what is being dissolved) is considered soluble if more than 1 gram of it can be completely dissolved in 100 ml of water. $K_s_p$ is used for solutes that are only slightly soluble and don’t completely dissolve in solution. (A solute is insoluble if nothing or nearly nothing of it dissolves in solution.) $K_s_p$ represents how much of the solute will dissolve in solution. The value of $K_s_p$ varies depending on the solute. The more soluble a substance is, the higher its $K_s_p$ chemistry value. And what are the $K_s_p$ units? Actually, it doesn’t have a unit! The $K_s_p$ value does not have any units because the molar concentrations of the reactants and products are different for each equation. This would mean the $K_s_p$ unit would be different for every problem and would be difficult to solve, so in order to make it simpler, chemists generally drop $K_s_p$ units altogether. How nice of them! How Do You Calculate $K_s_p$? In this section, we explain how to write out $K_s_p$ chemistry expressions and how to solve for the value of $K_s_p$. For most chemistry classes, you’ll rarely need to solve for the value of $K_s_p$; most of the time you’ll be writing out the expressions or using $K_s_p$ values to solve for solubility (which we explain how to do in the â€Å"Why Is $K_s_p$ Important† section). Writing $K_s_p$ Expressions Below is the solubility product equation which is followed by four $K_s_p$ chemistry problems so you can see how to write out $K_s_p$ expressions. For the reaction $A_aB_b$(s) â‡Å' $aA^b^{+}$(aq) + $bB^a^{-}$ (aq) The solubility expression is $K_s_p$= $[A^b^{+}]^a$ $[B^a^{-}]^b$ The first equation is known as a dissociation equation, and the second is the balanced $K_s_p$ expression. For these equations: A and B represent different ions and solids. In these equations, they are also referred to as "products". a and b represent coefficients used to balance the equation (aq) and (s) indicate which state the product is in (aqueous or solid, respectively) Brackets stand for molar concentration. So [AgCl] represents the molar concentration of AgCl. In order to write $K_s_p$ expressions correctly, you need to have a good knowledge of chemical names, polyatomic ions, and the charges associated with each ion. Also, the key thing to be aware of with these equations is that each concentration (represented by square brackets) is raised to the power of its coefficient in the balanced $K_s_p$ expression. Let’s look at a few examples. Example 1 $PbBr_2$(s) â‡Å' $Pb^2^{+}$ (aq) + $2Br^{ ¯}$ (aq) $K_s_p$= $[Pb^2^{+}]$ $[Br ¯]^2$ In this problem, don’t forget to square the Br in the $K_s_p$ equation. You do this because of the coefficient â€Å"2† in the dissociation equation. Example 2 CuS(s) â‡Å' $Cu^{+}$ (aq) + S ¯(aq) $K_s_p$= [$Cu^{+}$] [S ¯] Example 3 $Ag_2CrO_4$ (s) â‡Å' 2$Ag^{+}$ (aq) + $CrO_4^2^{-}$ (aq) $K_s_p$= $[Ag^{+}]^2$ [$CrO_4^2$] Example 4 $Cu_3$ $(PO_4)^2$ (s) â‡Å' $3Cu^2^{+}$ (aq) + $2PO_4^3^{ ¯}$ (aq) $K_s_p$ = $[Cu^2^{+}]^3$ [$PO_4^3^ ¯$]$^2$ Solving for $K_s_p$ With Solubility In order to calculate a value for $K_s_p$, you need to have molar solubility values or be able to find them. Question: Determine the $K_s_p$ of AgBr (silver bromide), given that its molar solubility is 5.71 x $10^{ ¯}^7$ moles per liter. First, we need to write out the two equations. AgBr(s) â‡Å' $Ag^{+}$ (aq) + $Br^{ ¯}$ (aq) $K_s_p$ = [$Ag^{+}$] [$Br^{ ¯}$] Now, since in this problem we're solving for an actual value of $K_s_p$, we plug in the solubility values we were given: $K_s_p$ = (5.71 x $10^{ ¯}^7$) (5.71 x $10^{ ¯}^7$) = 3.26 x $10^{ ¯}^13$ The value of $K_s_p$ is 3.26 x $10^{ ¯}^13$ What Factors Affect $K_s_p$? In this section, we discuss the main factors that affect the value of the solubility constant. Temperature Most solutes become more soluble in a liquid as the temperature is increased. If you’d like proof, see how well instant coffee mixes in a cup of cold water compared to a cup of hot water. Temperature affects the solubility of both solids and gases but hasn’t been found to have a defined impact on the solubility of liquids. Pressure Pressure can also affect solubility, but only for gases that are in liquids. Henry's law states that the solubility of a gas is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas. Henry’s law is written as p=kc, where p is the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid k is Henry’s law constant c is the concentration of gas in the liquid Henry’s law shows that, as partial pressure decreases, the concentration of gas in the liquid also decreases, which in turn decreases solubility. So less pressure results in less solubility, and more pressure results in more solubility. You can see Henry’s law in action if you open up a can of soda. When the can is closed, the gas is under more pressure, and there are lots of bubbles because a lot of the gas is dissolved. When you open the can, the pressure decreases, and, if you leave the soda sitting out long enough, the bubbles will eventually disappear because solubility has decreased and they are no longer dissolved in the liquid (they’ve bubbled out of the drink). Molecular Size Generally, solutes with smaller molecules are more soluble than ones with molecules particles. It’s easier for the solvent to surround smaller molecules, so those molecules can be dissolved faster than larger molecules. Why Is $K_s_p$ Important? Why does the solubility constant matter? Below are three key times you’ll need to use $K_s_p$ chemistry. To Find the Solubility of Solutes Wondering how to calculate molar solubility from $K_s_p$? Knowing the value of $K_s_p$ allows you to find the solubility of different solutes. Here’s an example: The $K_s_p$ value of $Ag_2SO_4$ ,silver sulfate, is 1.4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^5$. Determine the molar solubility. First, we need to write out the dissociation equation: $K_s_p$=$ [Ag^{+}]^2$ $[SO_4^2]$ Next, we plug in the $K_s_p$ value to create an algebraic expression. 1.4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^5$= $(2x)^2$ $(x)$ 1.4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^5$= $4x^3$ $x$=[$SO_4^2$]=1.5x$10^{-}^2$ M $2x$= [$Ag^{+}$]=3.0x$10^{-}^2$ M To Predict If a Precipitate Will Form in Reactions When we know the $K_s_p$ value of a solute, we can figure out if a precipitate will occur if a solution of its ions is mixed. Below are the two rules that determine the formation of a precipitate. Ionic product $K_s_p$ then precipitation will occur Ionic product $K_s_p$ then precipitation will not occur To Understand the Common Ion Effect $K_s_p$ also is an important part of the common ion effect. The common ion effect states that when two solutions that share a common ion are mixed, the solute with the smaller $K_s_p$ value will precipitate first. For example, say BiOCl and CuCl are added to a solution. Both contain $Cl^{-}$ ions. BiOCl’s $K_s_p$ value is 1.8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^31$ and CuCl’s $K_s_p$ value is 1.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^6$. BiOCl has the smaller $K_s_p$ value, so it will precipitate before CuCl. Solubility Product Constant Table Below is a chart showing the $K_s_p$ values for many common substances. The $K_s_p$ values are for when the substances are around 25 degrees Celsius, which is standard. Because the $K_s_p$ values are so small, there may be minor differences in their values depending on which source you use. The data in this chart comes from the University of Rhode Island’s Department of Chemistry. Substance Formula $K_s_p$ Value Aluminum hydroxide $Al(OH)_3$ 1.3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^33$ Aluminum phosphate $AlPO_4$ 6.3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^19$ Barium carbonate $BaCO_3$ 5.1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^9$ Barium chromate $BaCrO_4$ 1.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^10$ Barium fluoride $BaF_2$ 1.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^6$ Barium hydroxide $Ba(OH)_2$ 5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^3$ Barium sulfate $BaSO_4$ 1.1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^10$ Barium sulfite $BaSO_3$ 8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^7$ Barium thiosulfate $BaS_2O_3$ 1.6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^6$ Bismuthyl chloride $BiOCl$ 1.8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^31$ Bismuthyl hydroxide $BiOOH$ 4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^10$ Cadmium carbonate $CdCO_3$ 5.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^12$ Cadmium hydroxide $Cd(OH)_2$ 2.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^14$ Cadmium oxalate $CdC_2O_4$ 1.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^8$ Cadmium sulfide $CdS$ 8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^28$ Calcium carbonate $CaCO_3$ 2.8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^9$ Calcium chromate $CaCrO_4$ 7.1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^4$ Calcium fluoride $CaF_2$ 5.3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^9$ Calcium hydrogen phosphate $CaHPO_4$ 1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^7$ Calcium hydroxide $Ca(OH)_2$ 5.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^6$ Calcium oxalate $CaC_2O_4$ 2.7Ãâ€"$10^{–}^9$ Calcium phosphate $Ca_3(PO_4)_2$ 2.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^29$ Calcium sulfate $CaSO_4$ 9.1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^6$ Calcium sulfite $CaSO_3$ 6.8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^8$ Chromium (II) hydroxide $Cr(OH)_2$ 2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^16$ Chromium (III) hydroxide $Cr(OH)_3$ 6.3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^31$ Cobalt (II) carbonate $CoCO_3$ 1.4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^13$ Cobalt (II) hydroxide $Co(OH)_2$ 1.6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^15$ Cobalt (III) hydroxide $Co(OH)_3$ 1.6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^44$ Cobalt (II) sulfide $CoS$ 4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^21$ Copper (I) chloride $CuCl$ 1.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^6$ Copper (I) cyanide $CuCN$ 3.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^20$ Copper (I) iodide $CuI$ 1.1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^12$ Copper (II) arsenate $Cu_3(AsO_4)_2$ 7.6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^36$ Copper (II) carbonate $CuCO_3$ 1.4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^10$ Copper (II) chromate $CuCrO_4$ 3.6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^6$ Copper (II) ferrocyanide $Cu[Fe(CN)_6]$ 1.3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^16$ Copper (II) hydroxide $Cu(OH)_2$ 2.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^20$ Copper (II) sulfide $CuS$ 6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^37$ Iron (II) carbonate $FeCO_3$ 3.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^11$ Iron (II) hydroxide $Fe(OH)_2$ 8.0$10^{–}^16$ Iron (II) sulfide $FeS$ 6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^19$ Iron (III) arsenate $FeAsO_4$ 5.7Ãâ€"$10^{–}^21$ Iron (III) ferrocyanide $Fe_4[Fe(CN)_6]_3$ 3.3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^41$ Iron (III) hydroxide $Fe(OH)_3$ 4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^38$ Iron (III) phosphate $FePO_4$ 1.3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^22$ Lead (II) arsenate $Pb_3(AsO_4)_2$ 4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^6$ Lead (II) azide $Pb(N_3)_2$ 2.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^9$ Lead (II) bromide $PbBr_2$ 4.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^5$ Lead (II) carbonate $PbCO_3$ 7.4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^14$ Lead (II) chloride $PbCl_2$ 1.6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^5$ Lead (II) chromate $PbCrO_4$ 2.8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^13$ Lead (II) fluoride $PbF_2$ 2.7Ãâ€"$10^{–}^8$ Lead (II) hydroxide $Pb(OH)_2$ 1.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^15$ Lead (II) iodide $PbI_2$ 7.1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^9$ Lead (II) sulfate $PbSO_4$ 1.6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^8$ Lead (II) sulfide $PbS$ 3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^28$ Lithium carbonate $Li_2CO_3$ 2.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^2$ Lithium fluoride $LiF$ 3.8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^3$ Lithium phosphate $Li_3PO_4$ 3.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^9$ Magnesium ammonium phosphate $MgNH_4PO_4$ 2.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^13$ Magnesium arsenate $Mg_3(AsO_4)_2$ 2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^20$ Magnesium carbonate $MgCO_3$ 3.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^8$ Magnesium fluoride $MgF_2$ 3.7Ãâ€"$10^{–}^8$ Magnesium hydroxide $Mg(OH)_2$ 1.8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^11$ Magnesium oxalate $MgC_2O_4$ 8.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^5$ Magnesium phosphate $Mg_3(PO_4)_2$ 1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^25$ Manganese (II) carbonate $MnCO_3$ 1.8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^11$ Manganese (II) hydroxide $Mn(OH)_2$ 1.9Ãâ€"$10^{–}^13$ Manganese (II) sulfide $MnS$ 3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^14$ Mercury (I) bromide $Hg_2Br_2$ 5.6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^23$ Mercury (I) chloride $Hg_2Cl_2$ 1.3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^18$ Mercury (I) iodide $Hg_2I_2$ 4.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^29$ Mercury (II) sulfide $HgS$ 2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^53$ Nickel (II) carbonate $NiCO_3$ 6.6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^9$ Nickel (II) hydroxide $Ni(OH)_2$ 2.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^15$ Nickel (II) sulfide $NiS$ 3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^19$ Scandium fluoride $ScF_3$ 4.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^18$ Scandium hydroxide $Sc(OH)_3$ 8.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^31$ Silver acetate $Ag_2CH_3O_2$ 2.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^3$ Silver arsenate $Ag_3AsO_4$ 1.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^22$ Silver azide $AgN_3$ 2.8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^9$ Silver bromide $AgBr$ 5.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^13$ Silver chloride $AgCl$ 1.8Ãâ€"$10^{–}^10$ Silver chromate $Ag_2CrO_4$ 1.1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^12$ Silver cyanide $AgCN$ 1.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^16$ Silver iodate $AgIO_3$ 3.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^8$ Silver iodide $AgI$ 8.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^17$ Silver nitrite $AgNO_2$ 6.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^4$ Silver sulfate $Ag_2SO_4$ 1.4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^5$ Silver sulfide $Ag_2S$ 6Ãâ€"$10^{–}^51$ Silver sulfite $Ag_2SO_3$ 1.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^14$ Silver thiocyanate $AgSCN$ 1.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^12$ Strontium carbonate $SrCO_3$ 1.1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^10$ Strontium chromate $SrCrO_4$ 2.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^5$ Strontium fluoride $SrF_2$ 2.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^9$ Strontium sulfate $SrSO_4$ 3.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^7$ Thallium (I) bromide $TlBr$ 3.4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^6$ Thallium (I) chloride $TlCl$ 1.7Ãâ€"$10^{–}^4$ Thallium (I) iodide $TlI$ 6.5Ãâ€"$10^{–}^8$ Thallium (III) hydroxide $Tl(OH)_3$ 6.3Ãâ€"$10^{–}^46$ Tin (II) hydroxide $Sn(OH)_2$ 1.4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^28$ Tin (II) sulfide $SnS$ 1Ãâ€"$10^{–}^26$ Zinc carbonate $ZnCO_3$ 1.4Ãâ€"$10^{–}^11$ Zinc hydroxide $Zn(OH)_2$ 1.2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^17$ Zinc oxalate $ZnC_2O_4$ 2.7Ãâ€"$10^{–}^8$ Zinc phosphate $Zn_3(PO_4)_2$ 9.0Ãâ€"$10^{–}^33$ Zinc sulfide $ZnS$ 2Ãâ€"$10^{–}^25$ Conclusion: $K_s_p$ Chemistry Guide What is $K_s_p$ in chemistry? The solubility product constant, or $K_s_p$, is an important aspect of chemistry when studying solubility of different solutes. $K_s_p$ represents how much of the solute will dissolve in solution, and the more soluble a substance is, the higher the chemistry $K_s_p$ value. To calculate the solubility product constant, you’ll first need to write out the dissociation equation and balanced $K_s_p$ expression, then plug in the molar concentrations, if you’re given them. The solubility constant can be affected by temperature, pressure, and molecular size, and it’s important for determining solubility, predicting if a precipitate will form, and understand the common ion effect.

Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 28

Response - Essay Example They were trained to embrace death without fear or panic. To ensure they faced their dreadful challenges, as society’s militants, they were prepared psychologically to be ready for death by accepting to die when presented with a dilemmatic situation of choosing either life or death. The philosophy that deemed essence of Bushido undoubtedly helped to instill gallantry amongst the Samurai warriors. It was like they were fighting a battle they had nothing to lose. Their only mission was to take down as many enemies as possible. This religion/ philosophy influenced the psych of the warriors making them protect Japan from its foes. However, this philosophical concept is distinctly dissimilar from that Judeo-Christian view of death. In Judeo-Christian, people are alive until they physically die. The unrelenting wars that were seen in Japan during the mid-20th Century can be attributed to these cultural teachings that the fighters had. The Japanese World War II was battled by the philosophical conceptions that significantly motivated the warriors to engage in an unrelenting battle. As a matter of fact, the challenge Japan gave America and other nations during the World War was as a result of its deep culture that had saliently spelt out ‘dos’ and ‘don’ts’. As Benedict recounts, it was virtually difficult to understand the real nature of the Japanese culture. It is like the Japanese had a ‘bipolar’ culture that constituted all the extreme features. Its inimitability and unpredictability would confound every rival that sought to challenge Japan. No one knew what to include in the propaganda meant to demoralize the Japanese soldiers. Japan was a mystery. They were invincible; they were a real puzzle to the international community. The secret to Japan’s tenacity was on their deep cultural philosophy known as ‘Essence of Bushido’. The Japanese soldiers’ mental status

CJ 352 Domestic Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

CJ 352 Domestic Terrorism - Essay Example We will then discuss the ways in which military personnel may be influenced, involved or utilized by extremist and /or terrorist organizations or groups in pursuing and accomplishing their ultimate goals through these service members. Domestic terrorism has existed and influenced the political and social structure of the United States, to varying degrees, since this countrys inception. The United States Department of Justice defines domestic terrorism as: â€Å"The unlawful use of force or violence, committed by a group(s) of two or more individuals, against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.†1 Historically there have been limited cases or incidents of domestic terrorism in which active duty military personnel have been involved or implicated, most probably due to the rigid structure and character of the military environment. Although terrorism has plagued governments, and public and private institutions for centuries in one form or another, its application and the strategies associated with it have evolved as surely as the societies upon which it is imposed. Technological advances particularly in the transportation, communication and weapons field, have facilitated the abilities of modern-day domestic terrorist groups to get their message out and has improved their capacity to take violent action to achieve their goals. Recent incidents, particularly the Weaver family incident at Ruby Ridge, Idaho, and the incident at the Branch Davidian compound near Waco, Texas, have brought into question the extent to which government interdiction of armed citizen groups is actually le gitimate before it violates their Constitutional civil rights. Additionally, to what extent is the use of force against these groups

Conflict Resolution Essay Example for Free

Conflict Resolution Essay Leaders must learn how to deal with issues that may arise among their followers. Some of these issues may consist of the leader managing conflicts, handling communication challenges among team members, or addressing organizational communication needs. The communication process is important step for the transfer and understanding of meaning between individuals when working toward a goal together (Robbins Judge, 2013). With the correct style of communication utilized leaders can help to avoid conflicts among groups. Storybook #1 How would you react when a team member is being vague and trying to spin bad news to sound more positive, thereby making it harder for the team to actually approach and resolve the issue? Communication is an essential tool for the group’s success when working together as a team. When a team member chooses to be evasive or sugar coat issues or problems with a project can result in a missed deadline or complete failure depending on how bad the problem is. If a problem arises, the best thing to do is discuss it with the entire team as soon as possible to allow time to address the issue and come up with an alternative plan. How could you encourage someone to continue to voice his or her opinion or to share an idea when you know he or she is hesitant to do so? For someone who is hesitant to share his or her opinion or idea, leaders should encourage their participation by offering some their own opinions and ideas on the matter and asking a question or two regarding his or her thoughts. Through back and forth dialogue, slowly the leader would obtain the individuals ideas and opinions on the project. By obtaining everyone on the teams thoughts, a well-informed final decision can be made on how to proceed. By doing this, the reluctant team member will believe that they have contributed to the project. Storybook #2 As a manager, how would you relay an important negative message with as little impact on your team as possible? Why would you choose this method?  As a manager, delivering any negative message is a hard thing to do. It is even harder when you are trying to do it with little impact on your team.  Communicating a negative message is a difficult task and must be handled delicately to minimize the demotivating impact of the message. Negative message routinely pop up in the business world and can impact personal relationships. It is important for managers to determine the most appropriate way to deliver a negative message to employees. Managers can deliver bad news either with the direct approach or the indirect approach. The direct approach seems to be the best used when managers want to get to the point quickly and when the bad news is not too serious. When individuals compromise they are using a direct approach to resolving conflict by giving up something to gain something (Duggan Media, n.d.). The indirect approach is best used when you need to prepare the audience for what he or she is about to discover. This method is an excellent approach because it shows compassion and shows that the leader is actually making an effort to provide options. What is the best way to handle gossip before it spreads? The best way to handle gossip before it spreads it to try to catch it as it happens. Gossip usually spreads fast therefore; I would try to capture the gossip before it gets out of hand. As a manager, gossip is the negatively spreading of rumors about someone or something so by capturing the event is a great way to establish a nice working environment for everyone. How might you handle your team’s feelings after a negative situation has occurred that does not directly affect your team but affects others around them? There are several ways to handle a team’s feelings after a negative situation has occurred. As a manager, you have to know all your team’s personalities because everyone in a negative situation handles things differently. Some may need to be left alone whereas others need more of an explanation further on the negative situation. Handling negative feelings with a team depends on the team’s individual personalities. Storybook #3: What strategies would you use to help your team alleviate stress caused by deadlines before any conflict arises? Each day managers are confronted with scenarios that require attention. These can range from balancing a budget, customer service, and conflicts within teams. Managers must determine the best way to handle these situations on a case-by-case basis.  Managers must choose the best option based upon corporate culture, persons affected, and the nature of the scenario. Conflict in the workplace is inevitable and healthy. It breeds new ideas and creativity when handled properly. Conflict among teams that disrupts productivity and risks deadlines should be handled immediately. Allowing disruptive conflict in the workplace to linger, presents a threat of missed deadlines, which results in decreased revenue. This can devalue the company and the manager’s reputation, and cause the company to miss out on future opportunities for revenue in the marketplace. An important leadership responsibility is to interpret confusing events and build consensus around. Reacting to a disruptive conflict in the workplace immediately would demonstrate the manager taking on this important role. A leader immediately stepping in willing to meet with the individual’s one-on-one and as a whole to come to an agreement demonstrates what an effective leader he or she is. A manager could easily spend minutes, hours or even days trying to figure out what is standing in the way of a team coming together and successfully meeting their deadlines, but a great leader intervenes and help everybody come together to resolve conflicts to meet his or her deadlines. Multiple perspectives often conflict with one another and it is difficult to determine the best solution. Actions sometimes support one perspective. When faced with a dilemma the leader needs clarity in identifying varying perspectives to make the best decision. Opening a communication channel between emp loyees and management is a key step in establishing a comfortable environment. Conclusion Each of the Storybook scenarios demonstrates how leaders must use different methods of communication to avoid conflicts. Leaders must analyze the situation to determine which principle or style of communication is best suited for the particular circumstance. It is the leader’s responsibility to avoid conflicts among the group and to ensure that communication is being exchanged in the correct matter among team members. References Duggan, T., Media, D. (n.d.). Indirect Direct Approaches to Conflict. Retrieved from http://www.smallbusiness.chron.com Robbins, S. R., Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational Behavior (15th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

A Summary of the Epic of Gilgamesh :: Epic Gilgamesh essays

The Epic of Gilgamesh: A Summary The Epic of Gilgamesh is a moving tale of the friendship between Gilgamesh, the demigod king of Uruk, and the wild man Enkidu. Accepting ones own mortality is the overarching theme of the epic as Gilgamesh and Enkidu find their highest purpose in the pursuit of eternal life. The epic begins with Gilgamesh terrorizing the people of Uruk. They call out to the sky god Anu for help. In response Anu tells the goddess of creation, Aruru, to make an equal for Gilgamesh. Thus Aruru created Enkidu, a brute with the strength of dozens of wild animals. After being seduced by a harlot from the temple of love in Uruk, Enkidu loses his strength and wildness yet gains wisdom and understanding. The harlot offers to take him into Uruk where Gilgamesh lives, the only man worthy of Enkidu's friendship. After a brief brawl the two become devoted friends. The newfound friends gradually weaken and grow lazy living in the city, so Gilgamesh proposes a great adventure that entails cutting down a great cedar forest to build a great monument to the gods. However to accomplish this they must kill the Guardian of the Cedar Forest, the great demon, Humbaba the Terrible. Enkidu, along with the elders of the city, have serious reservations about such an undertaking but in the end Gilgamesh and Enkidu kill the terrible demon. As Gilgamesh cleans himself and his blood stained weapons, Ishtar, the goddess of love and beauty, takes notice of his beauty and offers to become his wife. Gilgamesh refuses with insults, listing all her mortal lovers and recounting the dire fates they all met with at her hands. Ishtar is enraged at the rebuff. She returns to heaven and begs her father, Anu, to let her have the Bull of Heaven to wreak vengeance on Gilgamesh and his city. Anu reluctantly gives in, and the Bull of Heaven is sent down to terrorize the people of Uruk. Gilgamesh and Enkidu, work together to slay the mighty bull. That following night Enkidu dreams that the chief gods met in a council and had decided that someone should be punished for the killing of Humbaba and the Bull of the Heavens. That someone is he. Enkidu commends himself to Gilgamesh, and after suffering terribly for twelve days, he finally dies. After Enkidu's death, Gilgamesh comes to the realization that one day he too will succumb to the same fate as his friend.

A Yellow Raft in Blue Water Essay

Answer: Discuss the three female protagonists and the men in their lives. How are their lives determined by the circumstances of their birth and subsequently by the men they â€Å"chose.† Michael Dorris divides the novel A Yellow Raft in Blue Water into three sections narrated by three different Native American women: Rayona, Christine, and Ida. First introduced is teen-aged Rayona, whose mother Christine is dying of too much drinking and high living. Rayona was abandoned by her mother and had to fend for herself around the environment of Seattle and the Montana reservation of her birth. She is searching for a stability of affection she never quite finds. Rayona often looks down on herself based on the way people look at her. They either say she is â€Å"too big, too smart, not Black, not Indian, not friendly.† Rayona longs to be normal and fit in. With her mother Christine, it’s been another story: affection came to her almost too much and nearly buried beneath it, she self-destructs in her illness finally returning to the reservation. She is very protective of her brother Lee and always concerned for his welfare. Christine does not have the skills to translate her feelings into actions and this is her main problem in relationships with others, especially with her daughter. This weakness naturally causes problems between Christine and Rayona, as Rayona begins to judge others based solely on their actions. Aunt Ida is often bitter and attempts to distance herself from others, as she fears becoming too attached to or dependent upon anyone. She tells the last part of the book and is the best at telling it. A story of how a young Indian girl Ida assumed the child born of an aunt, who’d come to nurse her sister through illness and stayed to bear her brother-in-law’s child: Christine. It’s only here that Dorris’ narrative decision to telescope the story, unfold family secrets. Since Aunt Ida was so secretive of their family genes, Christine is left fatherless and has no ancestors who she knows about. Consequently she has trouble understanding her identity and it causes her a great deal of pain and disappointment. Though the one constant man in her life was her brother Lee. Christine and Lee have a very close sister-brother bond, each relying on each other for emotional support. After her brother’s death, she gets married to an African American solider named Elgin. Throughout her part of the book, she faces difficulties with Elgin that reflects a lot on Rayona. During Rayona’s whole life, her father Elgin is barely there, pooping in and out whenever convenient for him. Rayona Feels like she is not good enough and has trouble trying to find her place and identity in the world. These characters experience loneliness, they yearn to be loved and accepted. This results in the evident theme of belonging and abandonment. The chance to interview Michael Dorris. . What is your favorite and least favorite books of all the books you have written? Where do you get your ideas for your books? What is your favorite type of book to read that you enjoy and do any of them help you to make your decisions to write your books?   From research you have mentioned growing up in a household filled with women. Did you get any actual editorial help from women in your household? For example, did you show it to your wife and asked if you got something right?

Ratio analysis can help in measuring business performance and setting objectives/ goals Essay

Ratios are calculated from an organisation’s financial statements and are an effective business tool in measuring its performance. By comparing the ratios to those of the previous year it is possible to determine whether a business is doing better this year than last year. It is also possible to compare ratios of one organisation against those of another in a similar industry. This helps identify areas in which one business is either under performing or indeed is out performing another. Undertaking ratio analysis and making comparisons to market leaders within your industry will help focus on areas which require attention. By carefully selecting the most suitable ratios business owners and managers can use the results to gain a better understanding of how their organisation is performing. The same ratios can also be used to set future targets. Ratios are calculated from an organisation’s financial statements and are an effective business tool in measuring its performance. By comparing the ratios to those of the previous year it is possible to determine whether a business is doing better this year than last year. It is also possible to compare ratios of one organisation against those of another in a similar industry. This helps identify areas in which one business is either under performing or indeed is out performing another. Undertaking ratio analysis and making comparisons to market leaders within your industry will help focus on areas which require attention. By carefully selecting the most suitable ratios business owners and managers can use the results to gain a better understanding of how their organisation is performing. The same ratios can also be used to set future targets. Ratios are calculated from an organisation’s financial statements and are an effective business tool in measuring its performance. By comparing the ratios to those of the previous year it is possible to determine whether a business is doing better this year than last year. It is also possible to compare ratios of one organisation against those of another in a similar industry. This helps identify areas in which one business is either under performing or indeed is out performing another. Undertaking ratio analysis and making comparisons to market leaders within your industry will help focus on areas which require attention. By carefully selecting the most suitable ratios business owners and managers can use the results to gain a better understanding of how their organisation is performing. The same ratios can also be used to set future targets.

How the Meanings of Words Change

How the Meanings of Words Change Stick around long enough and youll notice that language changes- whether you like it or not. Consider this recent report from columnist Martha Gill on the redefinition of the word literally: Its happened. Literally the most misused word in the language has officially changed definition. Now as well as meaning in a literal manner or sense; exactly: the driver took it literally when asked to go straight over the traffic circle, various dictionaries have added its other more recent usage. As Google puts it, literally can be used to acknowledge that something is not literally true but is used for emphasis or to express strong feeling. . . .Literally, you see, in its development from knock-kneed, single-purpose utterance, to swan-like dual-purpose term, has reached that awkward stage. It is neither one nor the other, and it cant do anything right.(Martha Gill, Have We Literally Broken the English Language? The Guardian [UK], August 13, 2013) Changes in word meanings (a process called semantic shift) happen for various reasons and in various ways. Four common types of change are broadening, narrowing, amelioration, and pejoration. (For more detailed discussions of these processes, click on the highlighted terms.) BroadeningAlso known as generalization or extension, broadening is the process by which a words meaning becomes more inclusive than an earlier meaning. In Old English, for instance, the word dog referred to just one particular breed, and thing meant a public assembly. In contemporary English, of course, dog can refer to many different breeds, and thing can refer to, well, anything.NarrowingThe opposite of broadening is narrowing (also called specialization or restriction), a type of semantic change in which a words meaning becomes less inclusive. For example, in Middle English, deer could refer to any animal, and girl could mean a young person of either sex. Today, those words have more specific meanings.AmeliorationAmelioration refers to the upgrading or rise in status of a words meaning. For example, meticulous once meant fearful or timid, and sensitive meant simply capable of using ones senses.PejorationMore common than amelioration is the downgrading or depreciation of a words me aning, a process called pejoration. The adjective silly, for instance, once meant blessed or innocent, officious meant hard working, and aggravate meant to increase the weight of something. Whats worth keeping in mind is that meanings dont change over night. Different meanings  of the same word often overlap, and new meanings can co-exist with older meanings for centuries. In linguistic terms, polysemy is the rule, not the exception. Words are by nature incurably fuzzy, says linguist Jean Aitchison in the book Language Change: Progress Or Decay. In  recent years, the adverb literally has become exceptionally fuzzy. In fact, it has slipped into the rare category of Janus words, joining terms like sanction, bolt, and fix that contain opposite or contradictory meanings. Martha Gill concludes that theres not much we can do about literally. The awkward stage that its going through may last for quite some time. It is a moot word, she says. We just have to leave it up in its bedroom for a while until it grows up a bit. More About Language Change The Endless Decline of the English LanguageThe Great Vowel ShiftInconceivable!: 5 Words That May Not Mean What You Think They MeanKey Dates in the History of the English LanguageSix Common Myths About LanguageSemantic Change and the Etymological Fallacy

How Latin America Gained Independence from Spain

How Latin America Gained Independence from Spain Independence from Spain came suddenly for most of Latin America. Between 1810 and 1825, most of Spains former colonies had declared and won independence and had divided up into republics. Sentiment had been growing in the colonies for some time, dating back to the American Revolution. Although Spanish forces efficiently quashed most early rebellions, the idea of independence had taken root in the minds of the people of Latin America and continued to grow. Napoleons invasion of Spain (1807-1808) provided the spark the rebels needed. Napoleon, seeking to expand his empire, attacked and defeated Spain, and he put his elder brother Joseph on the Spanish throne. This act made for a perfect excuse for secession, and by the time Spain had gotten rid of Joseph in 1813 most of their former colonies had declared themselves independent. Spain fought valiantly to hold on to its rich colonies. Although the independence movements took place at about the same time, the regions were not united, and each area had its own leaders and history. Independence in Mexico Independence in Mexico was sparked by Father Miguel Hidalgo, a priest living and working in the small town of Dolores. He and a small group of conspirators started the rebellion by ringing the church bells on the morning of September 16, 1810. This act became known as the Cry of Dolores. His ragtag army made it partway to the capital before being driven back, and Hidalgo himself was captured and executed in July of 1811. Its leader gone, the Mexican Independence movement almost failed, but the command was assumed by Josà © Marà ­a Morelos, another priest, and a talented field marshal. Morelos won a series of impressive victories against Spanish forces before being captured and executed in December 1815. The rebellion continued, and two new leaders came to prominence: Vicente Guerrero and Guadalupe Victoria, both of whom commanded large armies in the south and south-central parts of Mexico. The Spanish sent out a young officer, Agustà ­n de Iturbide, at the head of a large army to quash the rebellion once and for all in 1820. Iturbide, however, was distressed over political developments in Spain and switched sides. With the defection of its largest army, Spanish rule in Mexico was essentially over, and Spain formally recognized Mexicos independence on August 24, 1821. Independence in Northern South America The independence struggle in northern Latin America began in 1806 when Venezuelan Francisco de Miranda first attempted to liberate his homeland with British help. This attempt failed, but Miranda returned in 1810 to head up the First Venezuelan Republic with Simà ³n Bolà ­var and others. Bolà ­var fought the Spanish in Venezuela, Ecuador, and Colombia for several years, decisively beating them several times. By 1822, those countries were free, and Bolà ­var set his sights on Peru, the last and mightiest Spanish holdout on the continent. Along with his close friend and subordinate Antonio Josà © de Sucre, Bolà ­var won two important victories in 1824: at Junà ­n, on August 6, and at Ayacucho on December 9. Their forces routed, the Spanish signed a peace agreement shortly after the battle of Ayacucho. Independence in Southern South America Argentina drew up its own government on May 25, 1810, in response to Napoleons capture of Spain, although it would not formally declare independence until 1816. Although Argentine rebel forces fought several small battles with Spanish forces, most of their efforts went towards fighting larger Spanish garrisons in Peru and Bolivia. The fight for Argentine Independence was led by Josà © de San Martà ­n, an Argentine native who had been trained as a military officer in Spain. In 1817, he crossed the Andes into Chile, where Bernardo OHiggins and his rebel army had been fighting the Spanish to a draw since 1810. Joining forces, the Chileans and Argentines soundly defeated the Spanish at the Battle of Maipà º (near Santiago, Chile) on April 5, 1818, effectively ending Spanish control over the southern part of South America. Independence in the Caribbean Although Spain lost all of their colonies on the mainland by 1825, it retained control over Cuba and Puerto Rico. It had already lost control of Hispaniola due to slave uprisings in Haiti. In Cuba, Spanish forces put down several major rebellions, including one which lasted from 1868 to 1878. Carlos Manuel de Cespedes led it. Another major attempt at independence took place in 1895 when ragtag forces including Cuban poet and patriot Josà © Martà ­ were defeated at the Battle of Dos Rà ­os. The revolution was still simmering in 1898 when the United States and Spain fought the Spanish-American War. After the war, Cuba became a US protectorate and was granted independence in 1902. In Puerto Rico, nationalist forces staged occasional uprisings, including a notable one in 1868. None were successful, however, and Puerto Rico did not become independent from Spain until 1898 as a result of the Spanish-American War. The island became a protectorate of the United States, and it has been so ever since. Sources Harvey, Robert. Liberators: Latin Americas Struggle for Independence. 1st edition, Harry N. Abrams, September 1, 2000. Lynch, John. The Spanish American Revolutions 1808-1826 New York: W. W. Norton Company, 1986. Lynch, John. Simon Bolivar: A Life. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2006. Scheina, Robert L. Latin Americas Wars, Volume 1: The Age of the Caudillo 1791-1899 Washington, D.C.: Brasseys Inc., 2003. Shumway, Nicolas. The Invention of Argentina. University of California Press, March 18, 1993. Villalpando, Josà © Manuel. .Miguel Hidalgo Mexico City: Editorial Planeta, 2002.

Political and Social Reality of the City of Seoul Research Paper

Political and Social Reality of the City of Seoul - Research Paper Example Polarization refers to the process of grouping of two opinions into two extreme ends. Social polarization arises from the normal societal stratifications and depicts itself in nearly every aspect of life in the people habiting a particular geographical location. Polarization arises from conventions of life some of which people abide by naturally yet others follow economic capabilities and stratification mechanisms. Every community, including the modern day urban settlements, have different opinions among its inhabitants often resulting in either polarization or quasi polarization.   The city of Seoul in southern Korea is therefore no exception and experiences one of the most radical extents of polarization evident in its pattern of habitation and the people’s way of life in the city. The special city of Seoul is the capital city of South Korea and arguably the largest modern day metropolis in the entire Korea. It is home to approximately fifty million people most of whom are South Korean nationals but also provides residence to more than ten million international business people (O'Loughlin 33). The city has an elaborate design, one that considers and showcases the economic growth of the country and its interesting history. The architecture of most skyscrapers in the city embodies the modernism in design and comfort but also imbed the rich cultural history of the South Korean people. The wide clean highways, the artistically tall building structures, and the every glaring subway stations among other interesting features such as Seoul’s nightlife all act as a unifying feature to the diverse people of the city. However, behind the glamor and the beauty, the truth of the city lies in a more analytical scrutiny of the residences’ way of life. ...where is accessible and every product available in the market, the price tag on the commodities and services in the market always ensure that the rich rarely interacted with the poor. Additionally, it provides for an effective mechanism of keeping the rich to their own society and possibly denying the poor access to such societies. Seoul is one such city. Being an industrial country, the South Korean economy grows very fast with international businesses giving rise to extremely wealthy businesspersons and business empires. The wealth disparity and economic imbalance influence the design since the city has to include all its residences despite their financial positioning. This has resulted in the birth of two residential regions namely the Gangnam and the Gangbuk.  

Greek Civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Greek Civilization - Essay Example The roles which have been assigned to men and women are natural and that they should live by them. It is imperative that whatever roles that exist between a man and a wife, they are not to be substituted; this is because various adaptations have been given to either of them so that they can be able to perform the assigned responsibilities. In making a man and a wife, God did it with the intention that there will be the concept of one party giving and the other party receiving. For instance, a wife was made with little ability for outdoor activities, instead, she was given the will and knowledge for indoor activities, these include housekeeping, the nurturing of new born babies and a great affection for the new born and the family at large. For the wife to be comfortable, the man provides security in the home, he has been given the ability to provide courage to the wife. All these things work well where sharing is done. When these two parties stick to their various roles, there is bound to be ultimate success. Ischomachus became a great wealthy farmer because he was able to train his wife to manage house chores, rule and train slaves. This made him concentrate on managing those activities that were more outdoor and hence succeeded. In a definite case, it needs to be that way. When a man and a wife concentrate in the areas of their expertise, they often excel. For instance, in his conversation with his wife, Ischomachus points that a shelter is very important for people, they should have a cover on their heads. Unfortunately, as soon as these things have been done, new needs will always come again, hence the need for one who will constantly do it, who in this case is the man. Ischomachus notes that the couple ought to procreate. The man and the wife grow old and at one point in time, their efforts need to be complemented. Having children gives them a chance to